| S1 | Feb 24 – Nov 11, 2022 | Oleshky was occupied on Feb. 24, 2022; before the war the city had about 24,000 residents. Kherson was liberated on Nov. 11, 2022; in retreating, Russian forces blew up the Antonivskyi Bridge, and Oleshky remained on the occupied left bank. | Wikipedia, Radio Svoboda (RFE/RL), Kyiv Independent |
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| FP1 | Mar 21, 2022 | First posts from the city or about the city: March 21, 2022 (detention of a local resident, Suspilne Kherson citing the mayor’s video address), June 27, 2022 (a Russian passport issuing office), Oct. 21, 2022 (removal of children from the boarding school, the mayor’s channel), June 6, 2023 (flooding, first mention of the threat at 03:28 UTC). | Telegram: Суспільне Херсон, Telegram: Мер Олешок Є. Рищук, Telegram: vgorunews |
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| CS2 | 2022 | 2022 episodes (c1–c6): delay to national media 0–0.2 days; international material was found in two (Radio Svoboda, Ukrainian service, 4 and 6 days), in four it was not found in the collected material. | Radio Svoboda (RFE/RL) |
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| CS3 | Jun 28, 2022 | Passport as a condition for aid: first post June 28, 2022; AP (June 9, 2023, +346 days) and Amnesty (June 15, 2023, +352 days) mentioned it in connection with the flood. | Associated Press, Amnesty International, Radio Svoboda (RFE/RL) |
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| IN1 | Jul 22, 2022 | HRW, in a report on torture and disappearances in the occupied south, describes the detention of “Stepan” at home in Oleshky; the family had no further news of him. | Human Rights Watch |
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| CS4 | Oct 21, 2022 | Children of the Oleshky boarding school: first post Oct. 21, 2022; national media and DW (Ukrainian) +2 days; The Independent +559 days (May 2, 2024); OHCHR, 36th report +347 days (Oct. 4, 2023). | UN Human Rights Office (OHCHR), The Independent, Deutsche Welle, Telegram: Мер Олешок Є. Рищук |
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| S4 | Oct 21, 2022 – Jun 23, 2026 | How many children were removed from the Oleshky boarding school: 16 (mayor of Oleshky, Oct. 21, 2022); 12 in Crimea, 82 in the facility, 40 palliative (Office of the President, Oct. 23, 2022); 52 pupils in Crimea (Lvova-Belova, according to The Independent, Nov. 12, 2022); 28 children to Crimea (OHCHR, 36th report, par. 92, Oct. 4, 2023); 46 of 84 located (Emile Foundation, June 23, 2026). | Telegram: Мер Олешок Є. Рищук, Telegram: Є. Єрмак, The Independent, UN Human Rights Office (OHCHR) |
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| SP2 | Jan 24, 2023 | “Torture sites”: first post in the collected material Jan. 24, 2023; first national story Feb. 25, 2025 (+763 days); official Ukrainian reaction Sept. 12, 2026 (+1,327 days). | Telegram: Херсонлайн, RBC-Ukraine, Bez Tabu |
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| IN7 | Mar 17, 2023 | On March 17, 2023, the ICC issued arrest warrants for Putin and Lvova-Belova over the alleged unlawful deportation of children from occupied territories. No documents of the ICC or the ECHR specifically about the Oleshky boarding school were found. | International Criminal Court |
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| RL3 | Jun 6, 2023 | The fact of the flood reached national and international media and OCHA within hours to three days: TSN June 6, 2023, 15:40, Politico 15:47, OCHA June 8, 20:27 (2.7 days), HRW June 14 (8.6 days). | TSN, Politico, ReliefWeb, Human Rights Watch |
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| S2 | Jun 6, 2023 | On June 6, 2023, the dam of the Kakhovka Hydroelectric Power Plant was destroyed. At 07:53 UTC Suspilne Kherson wrote about flooding of the community, at 08:15 the channel Vhoru relayed a reader’s letter about residents moving to the second floor, at 15:40 TSN wrote «Олешки пішли під воду» [“Oleshky went under water”], and at 15:47 Politico reported on it. Ukrainian outlets called the destruction a terrorist attack by Russia; we do not assess who is responsible. | Telegram: suspilnekherson, Telegram: vgorunews, TSN, Politico |
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| S3 | Jun 7, 2023 | UNOSAT published a preliminary assessment of the flooding of Oleshky based on a WorldView-3 image of June 7, 2023, not verified on the ground; on June 9 it added the dynamics of the flooded area from Landsat-9 images. | BTAA Geoportal (UNOSAT), Humanitarian Data Exchange (UNOSAT) |
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| LR6 | Jun 8, 2023 | Flood death toll: on June 8, 2023, the mayor gave 9, a volunteer coordinator «сотні» [“hundreds”]; AP, Dec. 28, 2023: “at least hundreds” (200–300 is the estimate of one medical worker); the Russian side — 59. From June 8 to Dec. 28 — 203 days. | Telegram: ukrainenow, Telegram: berlinspeaks, Telegram: @astrapress, Telegram: @mostks |
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| F1 | Jun 8, 2023 | Estimates of Oleshky’s population from various sides: 3,500–4,000 in the city (mayor, June 8, 2023), 6,000 (Russian channel, Oct. 10, 2024), ~2,000 (local, May 2, 2025), 2,000–3,000 (Russia-appointed head of the district, Jan. 17, 2026), ~2,000 (regional military administration, March 2026), ~1,700–1,800 (a volunteer, May 16, 2026; city military administration, June 12, 2026). Prewar ~24,000 (city), 38,500–40,000 (community). There is no independent count. | Komsomolskaya Pravda in Ukraine, Telegram: @aleshkii, Krym.Realii (RFE/RL), TASS |
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| F2 | Jun 8, 2023 | The population collapse happened largely before the blockade: as early as June 8, 2023, the mayor estimated 3,500–4,000 in the city (from ~24,000), and in 2026 both sides give ~2,000 (Russia: 2,000–3,000). The community is ~6,000 (city military administration, Feb. 25, 2026; Foreign Ministry, May 6, 2026). | Komsomolskaya Pravda in Ukraine, Ukrainska Pravda, Ukrinform |
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| F4 | Jun 10, 2023 | Missing persons and requests: 374 missing (volunteer database, “Agentstvo,” June 10, 2023); ~6,000 people at ~1,700 addresses (“Verstka,” June 8, 2023); «понад 1 700 заявок» [“more than 1,700 requests”] (June 10). Trap: the number 1,700 is also 1,700 evacuated (June 7, 2023) and 1,700 residents (2026). | Ekho Kavkaza (RFE/RL), Telegram: @svobodnieslova, Azattyq (RFE/RL), Telegram: @sofiya_fedyna |
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| IN2 | Jun 14, 2023 | In “Loss after loss after loss,” HRW said that in Oleshky and other occupied areas the authorities are not fulfilling their duty to help people; 90 percent of the city was flooded. | Human Rights Watch |
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| IN3 | Oct 4, 2023 | OHCHR (36th report) identified by name 15 civilians who died in the flood, including in Oleshky; recorded that volunteers were blocked from reaching about 600 people in central Oleshky and the arrest of three volunteers on June 6 and one more on June 9; reported the transfer of 28 children from an Oleshky institution to Crimea (par. 92). | UN Human Rights Office (OHCHR) |
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| IN4 | Dec 28, 2023 | AP found that the occupation authorities deliberately understated the number of flood deaths: in Oleshky at least hundreds, 200–300 by medics’ estimates, against 59 according to Russia. | Anchorage Daily News (AP), RFE/RL |
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| IN5 | Mar 26, 2024 | OHCHR (38th report) received credible allegations of extrajudicial executions of 10 civilians, almost all in Kherson Oblast, “such as Oleshky,” and noted that these cases require further verification. | UN in Ukraine |
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| SP1 | Feb 2, 2025 – Jan 31, 2026 | Peak of silence Feb. 2, 2025 – Jan. 31, 2026: hunger and medicine; one testimony from inside (186 views), first national reaction Feb. 6, 2026. | Telegram: khersonoleshky, Telegram: potipomu, Telegram: kherson_non_fake |
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| sk-6 | May 2025 | May 2025 (1,076 posts, 8.05 million views): May 1–8 account for 67 percent of posts and 77 percent of views; the top posts are the Russian presentation of the strike on the market on May 1, 2025 (Readovka 852,565, RIA Novosti 699,208, Zakharova 203,056). This is not testimony of hunger. According to Reuters, a Russian official said at least seven were killed; Ukraine denied this. | Daily Mail, Telegram: @readovkanews, Telegram: @rian_ru, Telegram: @mariavladimirovnazakharova |
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| S5 | Jan 17, 2026 | On Jan. 17, 2026, at 09:17 UTC a regional channel reported that an evacuation had failed: a vehicle hit a mine; on Jan. 18 a local channel wrote about the driver’s death; on Jan. 20 Obozrevatel repeated this, and RIA Novosti relayed the Russian side’s words about three injured. Where the mine came from is unknown. | Telegram: leftbank2025, Telegram: nezlamnioleshky, Obozrevatel, RIA Novosti |
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| CH5 | Jan 31, 2026 | Hunger chronology 2026: first large post Jan. 31, 2026 (120,391 views) → national web media +25 days → DW May 16, 2026 +105 days → UN mission June 25, 2026 +145 days. The national Telegram channel newspn picked up the topic on Feb. 6, 2026 (+6 days); HRW — July 9, 2026 (+159 days). | Telegram: kherson_non_fake, Telegram: newspn, Deutsche Welle, Radio Svoboda (RFE/RL) |
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| S12 | Apr 27, 2026 | On April 27, 2026, Novaya Gazeta Europe quoted Volodymyr Saldo, who called the crisis in Oleshky «брехливою київською пропагандою» [“false Kyiv propaganda”]. | Novaya Gazeta Europe |
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| SP3 | May 21 – Sep 23, 2026 | Food delivery by drone: from May 21, 2026 to Sept. 23, 2026 national media did not write about it; DW — Sept. 27, 2026. | Telegram: vgorunews, Telegram: uniannet, Deutsche Welle |
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| F6 | May 26 – Jun 25, 2026 | The last regular food delivery to Oleshky was on May 26, 2026; regional military administration head Prokudin said so on May 26, city military administration head Hasanenko on June 12; the UN human rights mission confirmed it on June 25 (+13 days) and gave the losses: at least 29 killed and 54 injured in Oleshky and Hola Prystan since the start of the year. In May, 32 people left the city on May 9–11 (according to HRMMU). | Ukrainian Radio, Radio Svoboda (RFE/RL), UN Human Rights Monitoring Mission in Ukraine, Censor.NET |
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| S20 | Sep 1, 2026 | On Sept. 1, 2026, Ukrainian channels and Obozrevatel reported that Russian drones hit a convoy with humanitarian cargo that locals had been waiting for for about a month; RT relayed the Russian side’s statement that Ukrainian drones attacked the convoy of four vehicles. There is no independent confirmation of either version. | Obozrevatel, RT |
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| S7 | Sep 16, 2026 | On Sept. 16, 2026, ombudsman Dmytro Lubinets gave figures: more than 6,000 people in the community, about 200 children, 358 people who need immediate evacuation. | Kyiv Independent, Telegram: Лубінець |
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| S8 | Sep 22–23, 2026 | On Sept. 22, 2026, Reuters wrote that the Kremlin acknowledges a critical shortage in Oleshky but blames Kyiv; on Sept. 23, Foreign Minister Andrii Sybiha spoke about Oleshky at the UN and urged pressure on Russia over humanitarian corridors. No separate UN Security Council meeting on Oleshky was found. | Internazionale (Reuters), UNN, Interfax-Ukraine |
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| S6 | Sep 25, 2026 | On Sept. 25, 2026, BBC Ukrainian published a report on life in Oleshky: «Суп з бур’яну і собаки, які їдять тіла» [“Weed soup and dogs that eat bodies”]. | BBC |
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| S11 | Sep 27, 2026 | On Sept. 27, 2026, Dmitry Peskov, as relayed by TASS, said Ukraine «нібито перешкоджає доставці» [“is allegedly obstructing the delivery”] of food and medicine. Inform ZP notes that Ukraine does not control the city, and HRMMU records that there have been no deliveries since May 26. This is a statement by the Russian side; there is no independent confirmation. | Inform ZP |
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| AD1 | October 2026 | In October 2026, compared with June 2023, there are 6.3 times as many raw Telegram posts, 3.1 times as many in a cohort of 106 channels, and 0.72 times as many views of Ukrainian Wikipedia. The number of Telegram channels writing about the city per month grew from roughly 100 to 8,077. | Telegram: @dkulko |
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| S10 | Oct 7, 2026 | On Oct. 7, 2026, EU Commissioner Hadja Lahbib said civilians in Oleshky were “trapped under siege by Russian forces,” and that Russia, as the occupying power, must protect civilians and facilitate aid. | European External Action Service |
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| S17 | Oct 14, 2026 | On Oct. 14, 2026, an informal Arria-formula meeting convened by Russia took place; OCHA called for practical arrangements on access. No decisions were adopted; no formal Security Council meeting on Oleshky was found. | Security Council Report |
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| S13 | Oct 16, 2026 | On Oct. 16, 2026, Pope Leo XIV phoned Putin to ask for a truce in Oleshky; the Kremlin put the responsibility on Kyiv but agreed to cooperate. | Euronews, Telegram: Папа Лев XIV |
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| S9 | Oct 17, 2026 | On Oct. 17, 2026, Andrii Sybiha said Russian troops were trying to turn Oleshky into a «смертельну пастку» [“deadly trap”], and urged the UN and the ICRC to provide corridors. These are the minister’s words. | LB.ua |
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| S14 | Oct 20–24, 2026 | On Oct. 20, 2026, European Parliament Vice-President Picierno announced a hunger strike to draw attention to civilians in Oleshky; on Oct. 24 she ended it after the ceasefire was announced. | Meduza, Kyiv Independent |
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| AD2 | Oct 23–29, 2026 | On Oct. 23–29, 2026, 7,053 channels wrote, 4,191 of which had not appeared before. | Telegram: @truexanewsua |
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| S15 | Oct 23, 2026 | On Oct. 23, 2026, the White House said Melania Trump had secured an agreement on a local ceasefire in Oleshky; the same day Russia’s General Staff announced a start date of Oct. 27. | Al Jazeera, Meduza, Dzerkalo Tyzhnia (Mirror Weekly) |
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| S19 | Oct 25, 2026 | On Oct. 25, 2026, Volodymyr Zelensky said Russia would clear the roads of mines in such a way that people would go «в бік Росії і залишились там» [“toward Russia and stayed there”]. This is the president’s assessment, not a proven fact. | Ukrainska Pravda |
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| S16 | Oct 27, 2026 | The ceasefire («режим тиші» [“regime of silence”]) began on Oct. 27, 2026, at 3 a.m. Kyiv time (Ukraine’s General Staff) and runs until 10:59 p.m. on Nov. 1; Russia’s Defense Ministry announced it from 4 a.m. Moscow time. | Radio Svoboda (RFE/RL), LIGA.net, Al Jazeera |
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| S18 | Oct 30, 2026 | On Oct. 30, 2026, an evacuation began: Lubinets and Russian ombudswoman Yana Lantratova were in the city and brought buses and aid; the route runs through Crimea, Anapa and Homel. The prime minister gave a figure of 527 evacuated and immediately said the number is inaccurate. The sources do not name any participation by the ICRC or the UN; there is no independent report from the city. | Ukrainska Pravda, ABC17 (CNN), RFE/RL |
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| AM-F1 | entire period | The city’s voices (Ryshchuk, Hasanenko, Prokudin, Lubinets) come in waves: 2022 and June 2023, then near silence, then September–October 2026; from December 2023 to December 2025 Ryshchuk made 12 posts, Hasanenko 20, Prokudin 16, Lubinets 2. | Telegram: @kavuncity, Telegram: @suspilnekherson, Telegram: @ukrainenow, Telegram: @dmytro_lubinetzs |
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| AM-F4 | entire period | The mayor’s words (Facebook video) appeared on the channel tch_channel (385,332 views) 38 minutes after the very first copy; a chain through Suspilne is not proven. | Telegram: @suspilnekherson, Telegram: @tch_channel |
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| AM-F8 | entire period | Volunteer channels are small and are not quoted by large outlets: nezlamnioleshky 27 posts/115,589, typovi_oleshky 90/73,267, uaoleshki 64, oleshkinews 24; aleshkisegodny is an occupation administration (169 posts, 199,000). | Telegram: @zradnykyglpr, Telegram: nezlamnioleshky |
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| VO1 | entire period | Share of views of Telegram posts about Oleshky that went to occupation and Russian state channels: 2022 — 17 percent, 2023 — 16 percent, 2024 — 27 percent, 2025 — 38 percent, 2026 — 16 percent. | |
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| CS1 | entire period | Episodes (19): national media reacted within a day in 12; international material was found in 12; institutions reacted in 11. Delays are counted from the earliest post from the city. | |
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| TM1 | entire period | A sample of 1,400 items (140 per half-year), 11 themes, human reading; agreement of two readers on a shared 150 — 97.3 percent (κ 0.97). Shares by half-year: 2023H1 flood 58 percent; 2025 shelling 51–53 percent; 2026H1 survival 29 percent; 2026H2 diplomacy 63 percent. Detentions 23, children 14, passports 7 of 1,400. | |
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| AC1 | entire period | Matrix of actions and declarations: 51 entries; in 2022 and 2024–2025 only declarations, refusals or “not found”; actions were recorded in 2023 (rescues by volunteers’ boats) and 2026 (drone delivery, evacuation of 32 people May 9–11, ceasefire Oct. 27). | Telegram: @realenua, UN Human Rights Monitoring Mission in Ukraine, Deutsche Welle, LIGA.net |
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| M1 | entire period | Volume of data collected: 55,722 posts from 15,303 Telegram channels, 25,752 web materials and the English-language GDELT feed for Feb. 24, 2022 – Oct. 29, 2026. This is our own count. | |
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